The intra- and extra-telomeric role of TRF2 in the DNA damage response

Telomere repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2) has a well-known function at the telomeres, which acts to protect the telomere end from being recognized as a DNA break or from unwanted recombination. This protection mechanism prevents DNA instability from mutation and subsequent severe diseases caused by the changes in DNA, such as cancer. Since TRF2 actively inhibits the DNA damage response factors from recognizing the telomere end as a DNA break, many more studies have also shown its interactions outside of the telomeres. However, very little has been discovered on the mechanisms involved in these interactions. This review aims to discuss the known function of TRF2 and its interaction with the DNA damage response (DDR) factors at both telomeric and non-telomeric regions. In this review, we will summarize recent progress and findings on the interactions between TRF2 and DDR factors at telomeres and outside of telomeres

An Analysis of Reconfigurable SIW Filter Reconfigurable Antenna using Varactor Diodes

This paper introduces a novel reconfigurable SIW filter and reconfigurable antenna for 4G applications by using varactor diodes. This SIW filter consists of two floating islands with two via holes that connected with two varactor diodes while the antenna has a slot on the patch itself. This method allows designing SIW filter and patch antenna with the tunable centre frequency with a constant absolute bandwidth. The filter and antenna is designed through the simulation on a standard printed circuit board technology. The SIW filter at 2.097 GHz shows an insertion loss of 1.87 dB and 3 dB bandwidth of 163.39 MHz while at 2.012 GHz gives return loss of 32.17 dB and 10 dB bandwidth of 40.28 MHz. This reconfigurable SIW filter and reconfigurable antenna are used to obtain a good performance that suitable for integration with any reconfigurable planar structure. This analysis provides an alternative solution for reconfigurable SIW filter and antenna, particularly in 4G communication systems

The Integration Of Rectangular SIW Filter and Microstrip Patch Antenna Based On Cascaded Approach

This paper presents the technique for integrating the rectangular Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) filter with the rectangular microstrip patch antenna to produce filtering and radiating element in a single device. To proof the concept, the integrated microwave filter and antenna at center frequency of 2 GHz was demonstrated and validated through simulation and measurement. It demonstrated promising measured results, which were ingood agreement with the simulated results. The integrated microwave filter and antenna would be beneficial in microwave systems where the reduction of overall volume and weight as well as cost is very important such as in base stations and multiplexer in any communication systems

Ground state fidelity in bond-alternative Ising chains with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions

A systematic analysis is performed for quantum phase transitions in a bond-alternative one-dimensional Ising model with a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction by using the fidelity of ground state wave functions based on the infinite matrix product states algorithm. For an antiferromagnetic phase, the fidelity per lattice site exhibits a bifurcation, which shows spontaneous symmetry breaking in the system. A critical DM interaction is inversely proportional to an alternating exchange coupling strength for a quantum phase transition. Further, a finite-entanglement scaling of von Neumann entropy with respect to truncation dimensions gives a central charge c = 0.5 at the critical point.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

Can social inclusion be evaluated? Investigating the psychometric properties of the social inclusion intervention scale

The present study aims to validate a newly developed Social Inclusion Intervention Scale (SIIS) using Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The participants were 128 children aged 45-84 month-old from local integrated preschools in Hong Kong. The factor structure of the SIIS fit the data well (RMSEA = .08, NFI = .92, and TLI = .95, CFI = .96, SRMR = .04), with good convergent validity (all CR values > .92, all AVE values > .61). The internal consistency was good across items (all α values > .91) and factors (all CR values > .92). Hence, the sample obtained from the clinical trials of this study showed a good model fit, which suggested that the SIIS is adequate in measuring social inclusion among preschool children in social inclusion intervention programmes. The implications of the two emerged themes of social inclusion from the findings, Relationships and Acceptance, are further discussed to ascertain how they shed light on the design of social inclusion intervention

A New Class of Dual-mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Filter with Two Metalized Posts

This paper presents the investigation and characterization of dual-mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) filter with two metalized posts on the cavity to reduce the overall volume of RF front-end subsystems. By introducing two vertical metalized posts and two diagonal metalized posts in dual-mode SIW filter, both SIW filters show different flow of Electromagnetics (EM) can be identify from the E-fields. In order to compare which dual-mode SIW filter gives the better performance, the designs are simulated at centre frequency 2 GHz using CST Studio Suite software and the results are validate through measurement. The measurement shows a good agreement with the simulated results. This design is suitable for any integration microwave system where the reduced complexity of the design and cost as well as weight is very important for the wireless communication systems

Design of Microstrip Bandpass Filter with Defected Microstrip Structure (DMS)

This paper presents a novel design of Chebyshev wideband bandpass filter (BPF) realized using microstrip with Defected Microstrip Structure (DMS) to produce bandpass and band reject characteristics simultaneously. This new class of filter is designed based upon λ_g0/4 short-circuited stubs structure of 7th degree. The filter exhibits wide bandwidth response from 3 to 6 GHz with a return loss, S11, better than - 20 dB and insertion loss, S21, of around -0.1 dB respectively. While, the DMS exhibit a band reject response better than -20 dB at a frequency of 5.2 GHz with a narrow bandwidth. Therefore, the integrated BPF and DMS produce wideband bandpass and band reject response simultaneously in order to remove any undesired signals in the passband of the bandpass response. This design is simulated on a Roger Duroid RO4350 with a dielectric constant,ε_r of 3.48 and a thickness of 0.508 mm. The simulation results show a promising performance that could be further examined during fabrication and experimental works in a laboratory. This type of filter is useful in any RF/ microwave communication systems particularly to eliminate any undesired signals in wideband applications. The reduction of overall physical volume and weight as well as cost and maintaining its excellent performance can also be achieved using this technique

Recent Trends on Dual- and Triple-Band Microwave Filters for Wireless Communications

In the past few years, several designs of dual- and triple-band microwave filters satisfying various objectives have been proposed for wireless communication. Several designs are new concepts, whereas others are inspired from previous works. The development trends of these designs can be reviewed from this compilation of studies. This paper begins with an explanation of dual- and triple-band microwave filters, followed by a discussion on several designs in terms of size, measurement, performance, and technology use. Among various designs, microstrip band-pass filters are extensively used because of their simple design procedures and because they can be integrated into circuits easily. Furthermore, most researchers use low frequencies in their designs because of the demands of current wireless applications. Finally, designs are proposed to produce compact microwave filters with good performance

Design of Generalized Chebyshev Lowpass Filter with Defected Stripline Structure (DSS)

This paper presents the design of generalized Chebyshev lowpass filter (LPF) and integrated with Defected Stripline Structure (DSS) using Suspended Stripline Structure (SSS). The study involves circuit analysis to determine generalized Chebyshev responses with a transmission zero at finite frequency in order to produce a reduced number of elements values of prototype circuit. The LPF provides a cut-off frequency at 6 GHz with a return loss better than -19 dB, while the DSS exhibits a notch at frequency of 3.2 GHz with a stopband response better than -40 dB. Thus, the integrated LPF and DSS will produce lowpass and band reject response simultaneously. The design is implemented on a Roger Duroid RO4350 with a thickness of 0.168 mm and dielectric constant, εr of 3.48. The simulation performance results show promising results that could be proved in the experiment works. This new class of integrated LPF and DSS would be useful in any RF/ microwave communication systems particularly in wideband applications where the reduction of overall physical volume, weight and cost is critical to maintaining its good performance

Spectroscopy of 13B via the 13C(t,3He) reaction at 115 AMeV

Gamow-Teller and dipole transitions to final states in 13B were studied via the 13C(t,3He) reaction at Et = 115 AMeV. Besides the strong Gamow-Teller transition to the 13B ground state, a weaker Gamow-Teller transition to a state at 3.6 MeV was found. This state was assigned a spin-parity of 3/2- by comparison with shell-model calculations using the WBP and WBT interactions which were modified to allow for mixing between nhw and (n+2)hw configurations. This assignment agrees with a recent result from a lifetime measurement of excited states in 13B. The shell-model calculations also explained the relatively large spectroscopic strength measured for a low-lying 1/2+ state at 4.83 MeV in 13B. The cross sections for dipole transitions up to Ex(13B)= 20 MeV excited via the 13C(t,3He) reaction were also compared with the shell-model calculations. The theoretical cross sections exceeded the data by a factor of about 1.8, which might indicate that the dipole excitations are "quenched". Uncertainties in the reaction calculations complicate that interpretation.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure